Malaysia has been hit with a 24% reciprocal tariff by the US, effective April 9. According to an executive order signed by US president Donald Trump on 2nd April, Malaysia is one of 49 countries slapped with reciprocal tariffs. Other countries include Cambodia (49%), Laos (48%), Vietnam (46%), Myanmar (45%), Thailand (37%), China (34%), Indonesia (32%), Brunei (24%), and the Philippines (18%). The highest rate of 50% was imposed on Lesotho, and the lowest of 11% on the Democratic Republic of Congo.
In the executive order, Trump said it was the US’s policy to rebalance global trade flows by imposing the additional ad valorem duty on all imports from the 49 trading partners. The additional ad valorem duty on imports from the trading partners would start at 10% from Saturday, and increase shortly after to the rates specified for the respective countries. Importers of goods from Singapore, which is not among the countries facing higher duties, will be subject to the standard 10% tariff.
The US president highlighted the lack of reciprocity in his country’s bilateral trade ties, disparate tariff rates and non-tariff barriers, as well as its trading partners’ economic policies which he said suppressed domestic wages and consumption. The executive order also specified imports exempted from the reciprocal tariff, including copper, gold, timber, and pharmaceuticals.
The Ministry of Investment, Trade & Industry (MITI) of Malaysia noted that the US tariffs affect many countries with potentially significant implications for global trade and growth.
The National Geoeconomic Command Centre (NGCC), recently approved by the Cabinet, will assess the impact of the US announcement and explore a comprehensive, multi-pronged strategy to mitigate the effects of these tariffs on the economy and industries. The NGCC’s key focus is to ensure the Malaysian economy remains competitive amidst these volatile times.
According to the US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Malaysia ranks 15th on the US list with a trade surplus of US$24.8bil in 2024. Although the US has a trade deficit in goods with Malaysia, it enjoys a surplus in services, showing strong economic ties that benefit both countries by supporting jobs and growth. This deficit is also partly due to many US companies that have operated in Malaysia for decades, drawn by the country’s strong industrial ecosystem, especially in the E&E sector.
To mitigate tariff impact, Malaysia is expanding export markets by prioritising high-growth regions and leveraging existing Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) including the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Malaysia will also foster new partnerships within Asean and enhance Malaysia’s supply chain resilience by accelerating the implementation of key industrial policies like the New Industrial Master Plan 2030 (NIMP 2030) and the National Energy Transition Roadmap (NETR).
A university undergraduate in international trade and finance will have more to say about Trump’s tariff strategy. If you have some inkling of economic history, tariffs contract trade and drives economies including the U.S. into a recession, if not a depression. But Trump’s advisors are adamant otherwise. Some fools never learn (I presume that’s why they remain fools!)
References:
Malaysia hit with 24% reciprocal tariff by the
US, FMT Reporters, FreeMalaysiaToday,
3 Apr 2025
Malaysia rules out retaliatory tariffs,
explores measures to mitigate export impact, Bernama, 3 April 2025